Network Topology

• Star Topology: All nodes connect to a central device (hub/switch), common in modern LANs, providing easy management.

• Mesh Topology: Nodes are interconnected, with full mesh connecting all, offering high fault tolerance and redundancy.

• Bus Topology: All nodes connect to a single central cable (backbone), often used in older or simple networks.

• Ring Topology: Each device connects to two neighbors, forming a circle. Data travels in one direction, often used in older networks.

• Tree Topology: A hierarchical structure, with a root node connecting to other nodes, often a combination of star and bus.

• Hybrid Topology: A combination of two or more, offering flexibility.

Network Topology Mapping Tools

• SolarWinds Network Topology Mapper.

• N-able N-central Network Mapping Software.

• LibreNMS.

• NetDisco.

• Domotz..

OSI Model

IP (Internet Protocol)

ICMPv6 (Internet Control Message Protocol for IPv6)

UDP (User Datagram Protocol)

• Generally faster transfer than TCP over IP but more prone to errors. Hence suited to applications where datagram (packet) loss is less important e.g video streaming.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

RPC (Remote Procedure Call Service)

• RPC is a generic service used to implement client/server internetworking functionality. It extends the notion of a program calling a local procedure on a particular host computer, to the calling of a procedure on a remote device across a network. The layer 5 aspect of NFS is implemented using RPC.

XDR (External Data Representation)

• XDR's universal representations allow data to be exchanged using NFS between computers that may use very different internal methods of storing data.

NFS (Network File System)

• NFS is a set of procedures that specify particular tasks to be carried out on files over the network, using XDR to represent data and RPC to carry the commands across an internetwork.

TCP/IP Model

Network Interface Layer

The TCP/IP Model merges Level 1 and 2 of the OSI Model into the Network Interface layer.

Internet Layer

OSI Level 3 is synonymous with the TCP/IP Internet layer.

Transport Layer

OSI Level 4 is synonymous with the TCP/IP Transport layer.

Application Layer

The TCP/IP Model merges Level 5, 6 and 7 of the OSI Model into the Application layer.

Glossary

Training

Bibliography